Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD)

Tumors can grow anywhere in the body and then occur when the cells in the body begin to come out of control. Some tumors may have cancerous cells within them, and some may not. Cells can be cancerous in almost any part of the body, and can spread to other areas of the body. To know more about how cancers begin and spread, what is cancer?

Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a group of rare tumors that involves abnormal growth of cells inside a woman’s uterus. GTD cervical cancer or endometrial (uterine lining) does not develop from the uterus cells of cancer. Instead, they start in tumor cells, which usually develop in placenta during pregnancy. (The term gestational refers to pregnancy.)

GTD starts in the layer of cells called trophoblast, which is usually surrounded by embryos. (Tropho-nutrition means, and -blast means bud or initial growth cell.) In early development, cells of trophoblast are known as tiny, finger-like projections known as villi. villi grows in the uterus layer. In time, the trophoblast layer develops in placenta, the organ that protects and nourishes the growing embryo.

You call GTDs as gestational trophoblastic disease, gestational trophoblastic tumors, or gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. (neoplasia simply means new development. Most GTDs are benign (not cancer) and they do not attack deeply in body tissues or spread to other parts of the body. But there are some deadly (cancerous) cases.

All forms of GTD can be treated. And in most cases the treatment produces a complete treatment.

Types of gestational trophoblastic disease

The main types of gestational trophoblastic diseases are:
•  Hydatidiform mole (complete or partial)
•  Invasive mole
•  Choriocarcinoma
•  Placental-site trophoblastic tumor
•  Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor

Hydatidiform mole

The most common form of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a hydatidiform mole, also called molar pregnancy. It is made of villi which has become swollen with fluid. Swelling grow in the villi cluster, which look like a grape bunch. This is called a molar pregnancy, but this is not possible for the normal child. Even in rare cases (less than 1 in 100), a common embryo can develop with lent of molar pregnancy. Hydatidiform moles are not cancerous, but they can grow in cancer GTD. Read More

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